Research Type: Methodological Studies

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Examining the factors associated with self-harm, suicide ideation and subsequent mortality through data linkage

Self-Harm (SH) and suicide ideation (SI) (i.e. thoughts about dying by suicide) are two of the most important known risk factors for death by suicide. Increasing suicide rates are a major public health concern and Northern Ireland (NI) consistently has the highest rate of suicide in the UK and Ireland. Recent nationwide policies to reduce suicide are now including a focus on reducing SH and SI as these are precursors to suicide. However, little is known about what causes SH and SI, how these two factors are related and what impact they have on mortality risk. Understanding the individual level, household-level, area-level and health related predictors for SH, SI and suicide is of vital public health importance so that intervention services can be targeted accurately.

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maternal-obesity.

Social and Economic Determinants of Maternal Obesity

The obesity epidemic continues to be one of the biggest public health challenges in the 21st century. Rates continue to rise globally and at all stages of the life course. In pregnant women this can be especially problematic due to the increased risk of pregnancy complications, subsequent non-communicable diseases, adverse birth outcomes and increased risk of obesity and metabolic diseases in later life for the offspring.

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Mismatches and matches in address information from the Census and the BSO: A longitudinal perspective 2001-2011.

Mismatches and matches in address information from the Census and the BSO: A longitudinal perspective 2001-2011.

The proposal builds on Projects 020 and 051 by extending the analysis to 2011. Project 020 (Shuttleworth I., Barr P. and Gould M. Describing and modelling internal migration in NI 2001-2006 using the NILS: individuals, households and places) explored internal migration patterns between SOAs using selected individual, household and ecological variables. Subsequently, Project 051 (Shuttleworth I. and Barr P. How accurate and timely are health registrations address data? An assessment using the NILS) compared the SOA and XUPRN of records linked across the 2001 Census and the April 2001 BSO download of health registration data, in order to investigate the individual, household and neighbourhood determinants of address inaccuracy.

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SYLLS (SYnthetic data estimation for the UK LongitudinaL Studies).

SYLLS (SYnthetic data estimation for the UK LongitudinaL Studies).

The England and Wales Longitudinal Study (ONS LS), Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS) and Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study (NILS) are incredibly rich micro-datasets linking census and other health and administrative data (births, deaths, marriages, cancer registrations) for individuals and their immediate families across several decades. Whilst unique and valuable resources, the sensitive nature of the information they contain means that access to the microdata is restricted to approved Research Team and LS support staff, who can only view and work with the data in safe settings controlled by the national statistical agencies. Consequently, compared to other census data products, the three longitudinal studies are used by a small number of Research Team – a situation which limits their potential impact.

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Vital Events Standard Outputs: Using the NILS and the NIMS to Produce Annual Standard Outputs of Births & Deaths by Demographic, Socio-Economic and Area Characteristics.

Vital Events Standard Outputs: Using the NILS and the NIMS to Produce Annual Standard Outputs of Births & Deaths by Demographic, Socio-Economic and Area Characteristics.

This project aims to use the NILS and NIMS databases to produce Vital Events Standard Outputs on an ongoing basis beginning from 2001. NILS sample members’ demographic, socio-economic and area-based characteristics will be linked to continually updated births and deaths data to produce cross-tabulations by each year available.

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How accurate and timely are health registrations address data? An assessment using the NILS.

How accurate and timely are health registrations address data? An assessment using the NILS.

Address information from the BSO is currently useful in its own right as it is important to know where the population is for health screening and intervention.  Furthermore, its value is likely to increase as it contributes to the NILS, and, depending on developments elsewhere, could supplement the traditional census or be part of a replacement based on administrative data. Because of this, it is important to assess the accuracy and timeliness of BSO address data, to know which groups of people and places appear to be missed, and to understand more about what this might mean.

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Prevalence and patterns of antidepressant use among women of reproductive age in Northern Ireland.

Prevalence and patterns of antidepressant use among women of reproductive age in Northern Ireland.

Antidepressant exposure is high among women of childbearing age in Northern Ireland. A preliminary analysis of Health and Social Care Business Services Organisation Enhanced Prescribing Database has estimated a prevalence rate at 19.2% among women aged 15-45 years for July 2008 – February 2010. It is important to regularly monitor medicinal drug use among women of childbearing age and those in early pregnancy because the teratogenicity of most prescription drugs is undetermined and many pregnancies are unplanned. A meta-analysis of studies found exposure to paroxetine (paxil) in early pregnancy to increase the risk of major birth defects, (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.08, 1.43) and specifically cardiac defects (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.17, 1.82) (Wurst et al. 2009). The potential public health problem of antidepressant use in pregnancy depends both on prevalence and risk of exposure.

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An exploratory analysis of the use of antibiotics by demographic and area characteristics – an exemplar study using the Northern Ireland Enhanced Prescribing Database (EPD) – NILS Distinct Linkage Project.

An exploratory analysis of the use of antibiotics by demographic and area characteristics – an exemplar study using the Northern Ireland Enhanced Prescribing Database (EPD) – NILS Distinct Linkage Project.

The EPD is an integrated patient-centred electronic record of all drugs prescribed by General Practitioners in Northern Ireland. Using the EPES database this project will analyse antibiotic prescribing patterns for the 12 months ending May 2010. It will examine variations in use of antibiotics by individual socio-demographic characteristics and area characteristics, to help to inform the management of antibiotics prescribing in Northern Ireland.

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Utilising and combining the Longitudinal Studies of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: developing a unified approach to investigating UK-wide regional differences in health, coupled with an exemplar analysis of the relationship between self-reported morbidity and mortality.

Utilising and combining the Longitudinal Studies of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: developing a unified approach to investigating UK-wide regional differences in health, coupled with an exemplar analysis of the relationship between self-reported morbidity and mortality.

There are now three Census-based record linkage studies covering the constituent parts of the UK: The Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (ONS LS) of England and Wales (established in the mid-1970s); the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS); and the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study (NILS) – the latter two launched in 2007. Their existence means that there is now potential to undertaking parallel and combined analyses using all three sources to examine health differentials over the whole of the United Kingdom (UK).

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